What was the West’s biggest failure in Afghanistan?

Pretend that you are a foreign policy adviser.
● To a United States Senator on the Foreign Relations Committee

● Write up a short executive summary on what the following quotes mean in relation to Afghanistan policy.

1. “What was the West’s biggest failure in Afghanistan?

2. “Afghanistan’s central problem [is] Afghanistan itself… If you define the modern nation-state as the laying down of permanent borders, and the attempt to establish an extensive state bureaucracy and to invest that bureaucracy with novel forms of authority and control.”