Explain how the mediation of war has changed in the twentieth and twenty-first century with reference to one or more of the following thinkers and concepts in your essay, and clearly link their work to your response.

Select one the following five essay questions :

1. What value does science fiction have for thinking critically about our contemporary world?
In answering this question, you must explain your reasons and provide evidence to support your argument. You must also refer to one or more of the following writers and concepts in your essay and identify how these are relevant to your response.
Key writers: William Gibson, Neal Stephenson, Kim Stanley Robinson, Ernest Cline, Greg Egan
Key concepts: cyberspace, cyberpunk, ecopunk, imaginaries, dystopia / utopia, artificial life

2. When is more data collection not necessarily better?

In answering this question, your response should focus on a specific example or case of a technology that involves data collection or uses data. You should justify your answer to the essay question through argument, examples, and evidence. You must refer to one or more of the following thinkers and concepts in your essay, and clearly link their work to your response.
Key thinkers : Rob Kitchin, Kate Crawford, David Beer, Os Keyes, Ivana Bartoletti, Lisa Gitelman, Virginia Jackson & Nick Couldry.
Key concepts: Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Metric Power, Algorithms, Bias

3. Should robots be designed to perform roles that humans carry out?
In answering this question, explain the social or practical roles that robots currently play and the critical debates around robots doing work that humans perform. Your response needs to be argued through use of examples and evidence and you must refer to one or more of the references in the week 11 Module on Canvas.
Key Thinkers: Martin Ford, Sherry Turkle, Marianne Van Den Boomen, Chris Chesher, Frank Pasquale, Stuart Russell
Key Concepts: robotics, automation, humanoid robotics, android, anthropomorphism , social robots, domestic robots, workplace robots, machine perception

4. What does it mean to say that warfare is mediated?
Explain how the mediation of war has changed in the twentieth and twenty-first century with reference to one or more of the following thinkers and concepts in your essay, and clearly link their work to your response.
Key historical figures/thinkers: Marshall McLuhan, Paul Virilio, Jean Baudrillard
Key thinkers: Henry Jenkins, danah boyd, Nick Couldry, Andrew Hoskins, Stefania Milan.
Key concepts: participatory cultures, digital war, techniques of the observer, destructive creation, simulacra, mediatisation, cloud protesting

5. What are some of the key social and environmental issues that emerge with the rise of smart cities?
Your response needs to be argued through use of examples and evidence and you must refer to one or more of the following thinkers and concepts in your essay, and clearly link their work to your response.
Key thinkers: Le Corbusier, Vincent Mosco, Shannon Mattern, Ben Green, Jennifer Gabyrs
Key concepts: smart cities, smart homes, smart city imaginaries, urban datafication, internet of things, urban inequality, surveillance, electronic waste